Niger Map – Cities & Towns [NE]
Niger is a landlocked West African country where the main city pattern follows the southern Sahel belt, the Niger River corridor, and a smaller set of Saharan and oasis-linked towns. Niamey anchors the southwest on the Niger River, while Maradi, Zinder, Tahoua, Dosso, Diffa, Agadez, Arlit, and Birni Nkonni help explain the country’s road, market, border, and regional-administration geography. Population values on this page use the 2012 census urban-centre dataset where available.
Niamey
Capital district / urban community
NE / NER
ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 and alpha-3
7 Regions + Niamey
With 63 departments and 255 communes reported by SNG-WOFI
Sahel Cities, River Towns, Desert Hubs
Selected cities and towns, not every locality
How Niger’s City Pattern Reads on a Map
Niger’s settlement geography is uneven. The southern belt holds most of the larger towns because rainfall, farming, roads, and cross-border trade are stronger there than in the Saharan north. The southwest is organized around Niamey and the Niger River. The south-central and southeast corridors are marked by Maradi, Zinder, Tahoua, Dosso, Gaya, Tessaoua, and Diffa. Farther north, Agadez and Arlit appear as separate desert hubs rather than part of a dense city chain.
Niger River Corridor
Niamey, Tillabéri, Say, Kollo, and nearby towns help identify the southwest river axis. This area is one of the clearest map-reading anchors in the country.
Southern Sahel Belt
Maradi, Zinder, Tahoua, Dosso, Birni Nkonni, Tessaoua, Gaya, and Dogondoutchi show the main populated arc near Nigeria and Benin-facing trade routes.
Saharan North
Agadez and Arlit stand out because northern Niger is vast and sparsely settled. Map scale can make distances between towns look smaller than they are.
Eastern Basin
Diffa and Nguigmi mark the far east, where the map begins to relate to the Lake Chad basin and the Chad–Nigeria border environment.
Selected Cities and Towns in Niger
Selected places are shown for map reference. Population values are 2012 census urban-centre figures where available; administrative units and spellings may vary between French, English, local usage, and geospatial datasets.
| Place | Type | Administrative Unit | Region / Area | Population or Approx. Size | Latitude | Longitude | Map Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Niamey | Capital city | Capital district / urban community | Southwest Niger | 978,029 | 13.5167 | 2.1167 | National anchor | Largest city; located on the Niger River. |
| Maradi | Regional capital | Maradi Region | South-central Sahel | 267,249 | 13.4917 | 7.0964 | Southern trade hub | Major market city near the Nigeria-facing corridor. |
| Zinder | Regional capital | Zinder Region | Eastern Sahel | 235,605 | 13.8000 | 8.9833 | Eastern urban hub | Historic Damagaram centre and major eastern city. |
| Tahoua | Regional capital | Tahoua Region | Central Sahel | 117,826 | 14.8903 | 5.2678 | Central regional hub | Administrative city between the southern belt and northern routes. |
| Agadez | Regional capital | Agadez Region | Northern Niger | 110,497 | 16.9742 | 7.9868 | Desert gateway | Principal northern city and Sahara route marker. |
| Arlit | Mining town | Agadez Region | Northern Niger | 78,651 | 18.7325 | 7.3681 | Mining and desert route | Important northern settlement near uranium-mining areas. |
| Birni Nkonni | Border town | Tahoua Region | Southern Niger | 63,169 | 13.8000 | 5.2500 | Border corridor | Town on the southern route toward Nigeria. |
| Dosso | Regional capital | Dosso Region | Southwest Niger | 58,671 | 13.0444 | 3.1947 | Regional seat | Administrative hub between Niamey and the southern border belt. |
| Gaya | Border town | Dosso Region | Far south | 45,465 | 11.8878 | 3.4467 | Border and river-area town | Located near the Benin and Nigeria border area. |
| Tessaoua | Town | Maradi Region | Southern Sahel | 43,409 | 13.7533 | 7.9864 | Southern belt town | Useful marker between Maradi and Zinder. |
| Diffa | Regional capital | Diffa Region | Far east | 39,960 | 13.3156 | 12.6089 | Eastern regional seat | Administrative centre near the Lake Chad basin. |
| Dogondoutchi | Town | Dosso Region | Southwest / central route | 36,971 | 13.6461 | 4.0289 | Interior route town | Located on a road corridor linking the southwest with Tahoua. |
| Dakoro | Town | Maradi Region | Central Sahel | 29,293 | 13.8167 | 6.4167 | Sahel market town | North of Maradi in the drier interior belt. |
| Téra | Town | Tillabéri Region | Western Niger | 29,119 | 14.0106 | 0.7531 | Western border marker | Useful for reading Niger’s far-western position near Burkina Faso. |
| Mirriah | Town | Zinder Region | Eastern Sahel | 28,407 | 13.7142 | 9.1506 | Zinder-area town | Close to Zinder and part of the eastern populated belt. |
| Madaoua | Town | Tahoua Region | Southern Tahoua | 27,972 | 14.1000 | 6.4333 | South-central route town | Helps show the Tahoua–Maradi transition zone. |
| Matameye | Town | Zinder Region | Southern Zinder | 27,615 | 13.4239 | 8.4778 | Southern belt town | Located in the Nigeria-facing settlement belt. |
| Magaria | Town | Zinder Region | Southern Zinder | 25,928 | 14.5667 | 8.7333 | Southern border-area town | Part of the Zinder Region settlement network. |
| Tibiri | Town / urban commune | Maradi Region | Southern Maradi | 25,513 | 13.5650 | 7.0527 | Local urban centre | Hausa cultural and local administrative centre near Maradi. |
| Nguigmi | Town | Diffa Region | Far east | 23,670 | 14.2528 | 13.1108 | Lake Chad basin marker | Eastern town near the Chad-facing side of Niger. |
| Tillabéri | Regional capital | Tillabéri Region | Niger River corridor | 22,774 | 14.2061 | 1.4535 | River corridor regional seat | Regional capital northwest of Niamey. |
| Illéla | Town | Tahoua Region | Central Sahel | 22,491 | 14.4617 | 5.2475 | Interior town | Town on the Tahoua Region settlement network. |
| Abalak | Town / commune | Tahoua Region | Northern Sahel edge | 21,842 urban centre | 15.4500 | 6.2833 | Pastoral-market town | Located toward the Azawagh and northern Sahel transition. |
| Tânout | Town | Zinder Region | North of Zinder | 20,339 | 14.9703 | 8.8917 | Northern Zinder marker | Town north of Zinder toward drier interior routes. |
| Gouré | Town | Zinder Region | Eastern interior | 18,289 | 13.9869 | 10.2700 | Eastward route town | Helps read the route between Zinder and Diffa. |
| Aguié | Town | Maradi Region | Southern Maradi | 17,397 | 13.5081 | 7.7772 | Local town | Southern Maradi Region town near the Nigeria-facing belt. |
Administrative Hierarchy
Niger’s map labels are easiest to read when the capital district, regions, departments, and communes are separated. Niamey has special capital status. The seven named regions are Agadez, Diffa, Dosso, Maradi, Tahoua, Tillabéri, and Zinder. Departments sit below regions, while communes form the local-government tier used for both urban and rural areas.
Regions: 7
Departments: 63
Communes: 255
City, Town, Commune, and Locality Labels
A mapped town name may refer to an urban centre, a commune seat, a department seat, or a broader commune. This matters in Niger because commune population totals can be much larger than an urban-centre figure. For city ranking, this page uses urban-centre census values where available instead of wider commune totals.
Commune seat
Department seat
Regional capital
Niger Regions and Main Map Seats
The table separates the seven regions from Niamey’s capital district. Area and population figures can differ by source and reference year; the region names and seats are stable for map orientation.
| Administrative Unit | Category | Capital / Seat | Broad Map Area | Map Reading Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agadez | Region | Agadez | North and central Sahara | Largest land area; sparse settlement | Agadez and Arlit are the main northern urban markers. |
| Diffa | Region | Diffa | Far east | Lake Chad basin approach | Diffa and Nguigmi help read the eastern edge of the country. |
| Dosso | Region | Dosso | Southwest | Niamey-to-border corridor | Includes Gaya, Dogondoutchi, and other southern towns. |
| Maradi | Region | Maradi | South-central Niger | Dense southern city belt | Maradi, Tessaoua, Dakoro, Tibiri, and Aguié appear close together at national scale. |
| Niamey | Capital district / urban community | Niamey | Southwest Niger River corridor | National capital and largest city | Shown apart from the seven regions because of its special status. |
| Tahoua | Region | Tahoua | Central and southern Sahel | Bridge between southern towns and northern routes | Tahoua, Birni Nkonni, Madaoua, Illéla, and Abalak mark different parts of the region. |
| Tillabéri | Region | Tillabéri | West and Niger River corridor | River and western border geography | Tillabéri, Téra, Say, Kollo, and Ayourou help read the western map. |
| Zinder | Region | Zinder | East and southeast Sahel | Eastern urban system | Zinder, Mirriah, Matameye, Magaria, Tânout, and Gouré form the eastern cluster. |
Regional Cluster Notes
Niamey, Dosso, Tillabéri, Gaya, Say, Kollo
Best read through the Niger River, the capital district, and routes toward Benin, Burkina Faso, and Nigeria.
Maradi, Dakoro, Tessaoua, Aguié, Tibiri
Shows the dense Sahel settlement belt and the strong map relationship with northern Nigeria.
Zinder, Mirriah, Matameye, Magaria, Diffa
Forms the eastern urban chain, with Diffa extending the map toward the Lake Chad basin.
Agadez, Arlit, Bilma, In-Gall
Settlements are more isolated. Long distances and desert terrain dominate the map reading.
Border and Inland Map Cues
Niger has no coastline, so the most useful map cues are rivers, desert routes, border crossings, and regional capitals. The Niger River shapes the southwest. The long southern border with Nigeria explains why Maradi, Zinder, Birni Nkonni, Tessaoua, Gaya, and Magaria are prominent. The northern map is shaped by the Sahara, where Agadez and Arlit are far apart from the southern urban belt.
Southern Border Belt
Look for a line of towns from Gaya and Dosso through Maradi and Zinder. This is the most city-dense part of the country.
Western River Area
Niamey and Tillabéri help place the Niger River. Téra helps mark the western side near Burkina Faso.
Northern Desert Space
Agadez and Arlit are much farther from the southern city belt than their map labels may suggest at small scale.
Map Data and Source Notes
What Is Reliable
- Country code NE / NER follows ISO 3166.
- Niamey is the national capital and is treated separately from the seven regions because of its special capital status.
- Regional names and many major city coordinates are stable across official, GeoNames, SimpleMaps, and geocoding datasets.
- 2012 census urban-centre values are used where available for city ranking.
What May Vary
- Commune totals can be larger than urban-centre totals, so different tables may show different values for the same named place.
- French spellings, local spellings, apostrophes, and accents may differ: for example Nguigmi / N’Guigmi and Birni Nkonni / Birni N’Konni.
- Coordinates are approximate centre points, not property-level locations.
- Projected urban-area estimates after 2012 use modelled methods and are not used as the main ranking table here.
Sources Used for This Reference Page
- Institut National de la Statistique du Niger — RGPH 2012 Publications
- SNG-WOFI — Niger Country and Territory Profile
- ISO Online Browsing Platform — Niger Country Code
- GeoNames — Niger Populated Places and Coordinates
- SimpleMaps — Niger Cities Database
- World Bank Data — Niger Country Indicators
- Natural Earth — Country Boundary and Basemap Reference
FAQ
What is the capital of Niger?
The capital of Niger is Niamey. It is located in the southwest on the Niger River and is treated as a capital district / urban community rather than as one of the seven ordinary regions.
What are the main cities and towns shown on a Niger map?
The main places for national map reading are Niamey, Maradi, Zinder, Tahoua, Agadez, Arlit, Birni Nkonni, Dosso, Gaya, Tessaoua, Diffa, Dogondoutchi, Dakoro, Téra, and Tillabéri.
Why are many towns concentrated in southern Niger?
The southern Sahel belt has more rainfall, farming, road links, and cross-border trade than the Saharan north. This makes towns in Maradi, Zinder, Dosso, Tahoua, and southern Tillabéri more visible on population and transport maps.
Are commune populations the same as city populations in Niger?
No. A commune can include an urban centre plus surrounding rural settlements. For map ranking, this page uses 2012 urban-centre figures where available, because they better match city and town labels.
Why do population numbers vary between Niger city sources?
Sources may use census urban centres, commune totals, urban agglomerations, or later projections. Each method measures a different area, so the same place name can have different population values.
Which northern towns are most useful for reading Niger’s desert geography?
Agadez and Arlit are the main northern reference points on a general country map. They show how widely spaced settlements become north of the Sahel belt.